Accelerating Pd-Catalyzed C—F Bond Formation: Use of a Microflow Packed-Bed Reactor

Accelerating palladium-catalyzed C-F bond formation: use of a microflow packed-bed reactor.

A flow process for Pd-catalyzed carbon fluorine bond formation is described. A microreactor using a packed-bed design allows for easy handling of large quantities of insoluble CsF with precise control over reaction times, efficient mixing, and the ability to safely handle elevated temperatures and pressures. A variety of aryl triflates, including heteroaryl ones, were converted to their corresp...

Citronellyl Butyrate Synthesis in Non-Conventional Media Using Packed-Bed Immobilized Candida Rugosa Lipase Reactor

The synthesis of citronellyl butyrate by direct esterification reaction catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa was studied in a continuous packed bed reactor using n-hexane as organic solvent. Parameters such as residence time, temperature, and pH were examined. The optimum conversion was obtained at a flow rate of 1 ml/min (residence time 8 min), temperature of 50 °C, and pH 7.5. ...

Catalytic Combustion of Biogas-Hydrogen Mixtures in a Packed Bed Reactor

Baker’s yeast catalyzed Henry reaction: Biocatalytic C-C bond formation

The C-C bond formation is an important reaction in organic synthesis to obtain value-added intermediates. Therefore, in this paper an attempt has been made to accelerate the Henry reaction (C-C bond formation) between aryl aldehydes and nitromethane using less expensive whole cell biocatalyst, baker’s yeast (BY). The scope of the methodology was also tested for the heteryl aldehyde i.e. 2-chlor...

Investigating the Batch and Continuous Transesterification of Linseed Oil by Using a Alkaline Heterogeneous Catalyst in a Packed Bed Reactor

Both the continuous and batch transesterification of linseed oil were examined in order to maximize the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield. The continuous process was conducted in a packed bed reactor using calcium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst. In addition, the impact of two variables, namely the molar ratio of methanol to oil and the flow rate (ml/min), on the FAME yield were stu...